While the three options are all useful (and in fact, as I wrote here: https://medium.com/financial-strategy/the-best-retirement-account-isnt-a-retirement-account-at-all-e549e676bdd5 the HSA is arguably the best retirement plan even though it isn't officially a retirement plan at all), the contribution limits are far short of those available for a 401k.

The IRA (Roth or traditional) is $6k/year ($7k/year if 50 or older) - https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/plan-participant-employee/retirement-topics-ira-contribution-limits.

The HSA limit is $3650/year for individuals and $7300 /year for families, with $1000/year extra if 55 or older.

The limits for 401k plans are far more generous at $20,500 - https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/irs-announces-changes-to-retirement-plans-for-2022 - and that doesn't even count the employer match.